Recollection. Socrates Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Memory. Socrates - Essay Example As indicated by Socrates, the body goes about as a jail restricting the spirits. In this express, the spirit is restricted in its journey to investigate information which is constant, erratic, and interminable. This is on the grounds that when the spirit is detained inside the body, it is compelled to investigate truth through the gathering organs of the body which has its lack that keeps the spirit from seeing what is genuine (Plato and Jowett 70). This article presents a basic reaction of the contention that Socrates advances for supporting his reason - since learning is a by-methods for memory, the spirit more likely than not existed independently before being joined to the body. Step in Socrates Argument Socrates shows that it is feasible for the spirit to exist before the body. He clarifies this through the hypothesis of memory. He puts together his contention with respect to the way that it is workable for an individual to offer a right response when posed an inquiry which he m ight not have had earlier information about the issue. This suggests individuals are brought into the world with some information inside them, and this implies the spirit or the psyche existed before birth. He delineates this in various advances. To start with, he offers his input on how it would be superb if the spirit is dispersed to nothingness in death. This is on the grounds that demise would be an everlasting rest undisturbed with stressing dreams; passing would be a major gift to mankind. Yet, he contends this isn't the situation. He delineate that the spirit is undying existing before birth, and it keeps on living in any event, when the human body bites the dust. He says that the confidence in scattering of the spirit is a puerile conviction. He at first shows the interminability of the spirit by sketching out the skeptical contention. He states that on the off chance that the facts confirm that the living began from the dead, at that point it must be that the spirits of ind ividuals live in the other world. In the event that they didn't, at that point it would not be workable for them to be conceived once more. He further gives instances of how inverse starts from the inverse (Plato and Jowett 71). For instance, hot from chilly, wakeful and sleeping, here and there. One needs to nod off so as to wake up, chilly things can get hot and the other way around. This implies inverse must originate from the alternate extremes. This implies for the life to originate from the dead there ought to be some part of life in the dead. He in this manner presumes that the dead are produced from the living through the procedure of death. The living, then again, is created from the dead through the procedure of birth. It is along these lines judicious to presume that the spirit of the dead should leave some place when the individual kicks the bucket and they return to the living when another youngster is conceived. From this Socrates attests his hypothesis of learning thr ough memory. This is because of the way that the spirit has been renewed a few times and has lived in this universe for a long time; subsequently, it has amassed a great deal of information. He inferred that all learning is simply yet memory and no new information is added to the brain since the spirit knows everything. He further outlines this using the Mono slave kid who appeared to have geometric information despite the fact that they had not had this sort of learning previously. He along these lines attests that the body and soul are two separate substances. The body, he says, is mortal and after death is viewed as the carcass. The spirit, then again, is celestial, undying and imperceptible; in this way, it outlives the body. During the period when the spirit is isolated from the body (after death before resurrection), the spirit can see life in its completion without being constrained by the body (Plato and Jowett 72). Socrates along these lines considers passing to be a type o f freedom which, for a philosophical brain, is a significant

A Clockwork Orange - Calculated Captivity :: essays research papers

Determined Captivation "Goodness originates from inside, 6655321. Goodness is something to be picked. At the point when a man can't pick he stops to be a man." In Anthony Burgess’ A Clockwork Orange, a cruel pre-adult of the not really inaccessible future is ‘rehabilitated’ of his rough nature by an uncommon molding treatment. This multi year-old hooligan Alex McDowell is ‘cured’ of his savage exercises yet when discharged go into a still fierce society, he is a loner. Anthony Burgess’ handy craft of control can change the reader’s sentiment from loathing Alex for his malevolent ways, to feeling enamored by him, as he turns into a ‘victim of a cutting edge age’. To see how this double dealing is practiced it is imperative to analyze the significant defining moments in Alex’s life, and how Burgess presents them. To start, Burgess shows Alex’s terrible air, which makes the peruser despise and dislike him. Through the guide of the State’s treatment Alex is transformed, so, all in all Burgess permits the peruser to decide and build up an assessment of whether this treatment is ethically satisfactory or not. At long last anyway clearly Alex has become a genuine "Clockwork Orange’ and notwithstanding the past assessment of the peruser, Burgess uncovers the result such that causes a liberating sensation and is satisfied to see Alex back to ‘normal’. 	It is interesting to consider that Burgess may have composed A Clockwork Orange as a prophetic perspective on notice to future social orders. He was a quiet individual who didn’t need the obvious results of the anecdotal Alex to turn into a dreary reality. Through the first of three sections in the novel Burgess shows Alex as the exemplification of all that society might want to overlook or kill - yet can’t. This first individual account is told by Alex a young people of fifteen, who goes through his evenings with his "droogs", threatening general society with their bits of "ultra violence" and participating in the old "in-out in-out". He beats the old, battles different groups with his "britva", burglarizes stores, breaks into houses, assaults little youngsters, drinks milk bound with drugs (moloko) and is in the end sentenced for homicide. Burgess depicts the juvenile Alex, as a blend of g ood and shrewdness prospects with underhanded taking the high ground. As the peruser is brought further into Alex’s grimly energizing world, he/she starts to feel total scorn towards Alex. In addition to the fact that Burgess permits Alex to perpetrate such offensive wrongdoings, he depicts them in an extremely upsetting way.

How to Write a College Life Essay

How to Write a College Life EssayYou may have read about essay writing, but not how to write a college life essay. This is a kind of essay that involves the personal side of students and their lives.A life essay is probably not the type of essay you have done many times before. In fact, you might be surprised by some of the assignments that are available online. For example, the Online SAT is now offering question papers that ask students to answer questions about their school life.And just like an academic paper, students must produce an essay that is well written. The content must also be clear. The paper must also contain a solid research base. And it should be interesting and motivating to students, so they remember the essay for years to come.Essays can be challenging. They can also be rewarding. Students, for example, would be interested in learning about someone who is kind, generous, adventurous, and likable. It could be that this person is their classmate or their teacher.In writing a college life essay, the key is to be reflective of yourself. Don't fall into the trap of describing your personality on a piece of paper. Instead, write your thoughts in a way that reflects the real you.One of the main concerns when writing this type of essay is that it does not sound like a resume or other document that has a flat, generalized style or with an overall theme. But that's exactly what college students want - not to sound like a resume or not sound like a typical student.Students also want to appear interesting. They want to show off what they have learned from their school experience. Using an article style format can help you do this. To write a college life essay, think about the topics you'd like to cover. Find out about your classmates' backgrounds. Learn about how they go about their daily activities and of course, look at how you might go about living your life.

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The Spanish Armada Float or Flop - 864 Words

When one thinks about the world’s greatest navy’s countries like England and the United States instantly come to mind. But, in the year 1588, there existed another powerful navy, the empire of Spain. The Spanish navy, also referred to as the Spanish Armada, was great in size and, to some extent, had well trained soldiers. Like most great things, the Spanish Armada was due in for its ultimate demise at the hands of the everlasting, powerful, British navy. Generally, the Spanish Armada was everything a great navy was, with a few weak links that mainly contributed to the Armada being defeated by the English navy. So, what exactly was the fleet known as the Spanish Armada? To answer that question one has to first look at why the Armada was a necessity for the Spanish. Leading up to the year of the invasion that the Armada was assembled for, 1588, tensions between Spanish leaders and Queen Elizabeth of England. But, the number one reason for the Armada’s assembly was when Sir Francis Drake attacked Spain with the powerful English navy, under orders of Queen Elizabeth. As a plan to avenge the deaths caused by Drake’s assault on Spain, the Spanish king then assembled a fleet numbering, according to Wenxi Liu â€Å"138 ships from Spain and different Habsburg dominions, weighing a total of 58,000 tons, carrying 30,000 men and 2,400 cannons†(9). Though the size of the Armada is impressive it did not have a strategic set up. The

Essay on Nature vs. Nurture The Biology of Sexuality

Biology is a science and the questions are if women and men are predetermined by this science and if it has an impact on peoples behaviours. This questions are difficult to argue about because we do not have the right answer and everyone has a subjective point of view. It appears mostly as a philosophical debate. The science itself researches concrete facts trying to understand the reflection on knowledge and conscientiousness in achievements of sciences. First of all, we have to make the difference between sex and gender. Biological sex includes physical attributes such as sex chromosomes, hormones and internal reproductive structures and external genitalia. This is what identify individuals as male or female at birth. Gender has†¦show more content†¦The women potential of giving birth is a biological predisposition, which creates the major gap between the two sexes leading to the cause of the debate about womens role in the society. Many scientists argue over the fact that as only women are able to give birth they have innate sense to take care of babies so they have to stay home, but the men on the other hand dont have this inner sense and their only occupation is the work. This dissimilitude will set in the  « sexes war  » that is emphasised by stereotypes. Whats more, men used to be physically stronger than women because nowadays, thanks to hormonal supplement women also can have as much muscles as men, for example in body-building sport. Certainly there are distinctions between males and females but it is more accurate to say that men and women are complement rather than different. Moreover, it is proven that hormones have some influences on males and females behaviour, especially upon animals. Nevertheless unlike animals, human being should be able to escape from this determinism because he is fitted with a brain and mind. According to the article from  « Le Monde  », titled  « Nous avons tous des cerveaux diffà ©rents  », if biolo gical constraints would have an impact on mens and womens behaviour, we should expected to invariant features common to all civilizations. But its not the case, thus biological pattern do not become established. The twoShow MoreRelatedHomosexuality : Nature And Nature871 Words   |  4 PagesHomosexuality: Nature or nurture By: Clifnie francois Advance Placement Psychology Mr. Cuetara June 4 2015 Abstract The nature and nature of homosexuality is heavily debated. Some people believe that homosexuality is biologically determined and others believe it’s base on ones environment. This topic can be argue to be base on both nature and nurture. Studies conducted in the past decades support both the biological and environmentalRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : Psychology And Biology1449 Words   |  6 Pages Nature vs. Nurture is one of the most prevalent theories in psychology and biology; scientists previously believed that personality traits were derived from either genetics or environmental elements, but more recently have concluded that both factors play a role in the expression of genes. However, the influences of genetics and environmental factors on sexual orientation is still a controversial topic which is currently being discussed in both psychological and biological debates. While many researchersRead MoreStudy questions Essay1333 Words   |  6 Pagesand your u nderstanding of the concepts. Gender and Difference in a Globalizing World Chapter 1. Gender, Difference and Globalization 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. How is gender related to and affected by factors such as race, class and sexuality? Why are these factors difficult to label and identify? How has anthropology changed since its origins? Why is globalization difficult to define? What are the different spheres of globalization? What processes are involved in globalization? Read MoreHomosexuality, Genetics or Preference? Essay800 Words   |  4 Pagesrather than being a personal choice or lifestyle (as it is often presumed to be) is neither chosen nor changeable. Homosexuality’s invitation to biology has long been standing unanswered. The very term â€Å"sexual orientation† connotes the deeply rooted nature of sexual desire and love, which implies something innate. It demands biology. The origins of human sexuality and homosexuality in particular have puzzled philosophers, psychologists, and ordinary people alike for thousands of years. In order to correctlyRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture Debate927 Words   |  4 PagesAlthough sexuality researchers make a strong case that homosexuality has a biological basis, the continuous nature vs. nurture debate makes us hard to ignore possible social influences. Supporters of social causation coin a term â€Å"social constructionism†: different sexualities are products of and constructed by different culture, society and experience. Gagon and Simons (1973) opposed the essentialist view of sexuality and believed that â€Å"sexuality is not†¦[a] universal phenomenon which is the sameRead MoreThe Learning Theory Of Action1472 Words   |  6 Pagesalmost all aspects of the education system and in my paper I will talk about learning with autism and particularly the effects that ABA treatment have had on people who live with autism and I will talk about the large effects that learning has on and sexuality roles. Individuals with autism are diagnosed with this disease because they are abnormal in relation to social norms. Some defining features of an autistic individual include: difficulty forming normal social relationships because of an under developedRead MorePsychology And Science Of A Heterosexual And Homosexual Man Through The Course Of Nature Vs. Nurture1168 Words   |  5 PagesThis is an exploration that will summarize and investigate the researched biology and science background comparing the neurological anatomy and science of a heterosexual and homosexual man through the studies; Simon LeVay, Roselli, Hamers, Sanders, Hansen. The perception of whether homosexuality conforms to the course of nature vs. nurture can influence the amount of scrutiny judged upon affected individuals. So, the purpose of this extended essay is to answer the research question of to what extentRead MoreIs Homosexuality Or Not?1707 Words   |  7 Pagessociety today. While some people argue that homosexu ality is genetic, some people also believe that it is nature and not nurture. Genetics is the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation in living organisms. Genetic processes work in combination with an organism s environment and experiences that influence development and behavior of the organism, often stated to as nature vs nurture. Trait inheritance of genes is still a main principle of genetics in the 21st century. Modern genetics hasRead MoreIs Homosexuality Or Not?1294 Words   |  6 Pagessociety today. While some people argue that homosexuality is genetic, some people also believe that it is nature and not nurture. Genetics is the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation in living organisms. Genetic processes work in combination with an organism s environment and experiences that influence development and behavior of the organism, often stated to as nature vs nurture. Trait inheritance of genes is still a main principle of genetics in the 21st century. Modern g enetics hasRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : Biological And Social Factors Essay1771 Words   |  8 PagesNature vs. nurture is a well known argument that is often discussed by many psychologists, philosophers, and even everyday people. It raises the question on whether individual identity is shaped through biological factors, social factors, or if it is affected by both factors. Moreover, this argument delves into the territories of vertical and horizontal identities as well. A vertical identity includes the biological and social factors inherited from parents, while a horizontal identity consists of

The Only Imperial Power in Asia free essay sample

In the nineteenth century, China, Korea, and Japan, as well as other Asian nations faced European imperialism. However, only Japan transformed its traditional society and became the only country in Asia that had colony outside. In my point of view, the Japanese success is depending on determination of the government and the strength of it reform. So what makes Japan have the determination to reform the whole traditional society entirely? Opium War: In 1840, Britain started the Opium War in China. Because of corruption of the Chinese government and Advanced British army, in the end of the war, China was defeated. Japan shocked. China, a wealth and strong empire, an advanced country Japan learned from for thousand years, failed in a war with a real empire. Japanese contemplated and hesitated. What they should do when they have to face those strong enemies. I think that one of the reason why the Black Ships arrived in Japan in 1853 and forced Japanese to accept them, and Japan did so, even with welcoming attitudes. We will write a custom essay sample on The Only Imperial Power in Asia or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Besides, at that time, Japan didn’t have ability to defeat those aggressors. More and more western countries came to Japan with new technologies, new products and new work system, etc. Japan is closed for too long time. After saw all those achievements from Industry Revolution by Japanese’s own eyes, they found the distance between themselves and advanced western countries. All those new things cause the fail of Tokugawa Bakufu. Meiji Restoration started. Government during Meiji Restoration: In April 6 1868, the Oath in Five Articles was published and became the basic guiding principle of the government. Meiji period began. The new government of Japan applied a lot of policy during that time. They changed the traditional society structure. Samurai was no more the lords. Businessman had more attention than before. Government also support a lot industry to get start, the earlier one is filature. In 1882, Japan Central Bank was set. Under the slogan of â€Å"Enrich the Country, strengthen the military†, in 1871, the new government set Iwakura Diplomatic Delegation to visit 12 countries in the Europe and America for almost 2 years. There were 49 government officials in the team, almost half number of the all officials in Japan government. To pay the expense of this trip, the new government used 2% of its GDP of that year. I think that this is part of the reason why Japan reformed its whole society system entirely and learned it from western countries. On the other side, 58 years after Opium War, China also had a restoration, called The Reform Movement. It was supported by the Emperor Kuang Hus, but it didn’t get support from the government officials, even not from his mother, Empress Tzu Hsi who had real power of China. Most changes and policy applied in China were surface work, didn’t change from the basic principle like what Japan did. The most obvious difference of it was that in 1890, The Constitution of the Empire of Japan was published. All those caused the failure of reformation in China. People in the Meiji Restoration: Shibusawa Eiichi, was a Japanese industrialist, founded more than 500 hundreds of modern corporations in Japan, He was a member of Tokugawa Akitake’s Delegation to the Paris World Exposition. In this trip, he observed modern European societies and culture for the first time. When he visited Belgium, the king told him the importance of steel industry and hoped Japan can buy from Belgium. Shibusawa Eiichi was so surprised; he said that a king is to sell his country’s product even when meeting guests from other place. He realized the importance of industrial of a country. Therefore, he decided to stay in European for studying. He came back to Japan in 1868 with his new thought, and got a job in economic department of Meiji government. He became a driving force in the building of a modern Japan as head of the Kaisei Kakari, or office of the Ministry of Finance in charge of reform. Okubo Toshimichi is regarded as one of the main founders of modern Japan. During Meiji Restoration, he was a Finance Minister, enacted a Land Tax Reform, and prohibited samurai from wearing swords in public, even though he was one of them. We can see his determination of changing Japan from very basic. The greatest achievement of him was the establishment of modern governmental structures. For a time he was the most powerful man in Japan. On 14 May 1878, he was assassinated by samurai. Summary: In my opinion, Japan became the only imperial power in Asia during nineteenth century, because the way it reformed. Japan’s restoration was not only applied on industry like China, but also on government system and society structure. The development on its society structure and police system helped Japan have much faster progress in industry than any other countries at that time.

My Posse Dont Do Homework Essays - Critical Pedagogy,

My Posse Don't Do Homework Johnson's My Posse Don't Do Homework is an excellent book in the way that it describes the looked over and ignored kids of schools around the nation. My Posse Don't Do Homework shows us how important it is to nurture and care for students and tell each and everyone of those students how important they are and they, too, can make a difference. When Ms. Johnson had the class on the first day of school, the students were all prepared to "work" their way through yet another substitute or permanent teacher. According to the book My Posse Don't Do Homework, when Ms. Johnson had asked about Miss Shepard, the group of student's former teacher, one girl replied that she "had been ?psyched out'" (19). "Miss Shepard had thrown down her book and rushed out of the classroom in tears the previous Friday. The kids weren't surprised that she hadn't returned. They were obviously proud of their handiwork..." (19). Moments later a dictionary was flung at her head and she then proceeded to leave the classroom. After the dictionary incident she spoke with a colleague, Hal Gray. After a brief discussion with him, she went back to the class where she was inspired by her former drill instructor, Petty Officer Hawk's, presence and confronted the student who threw the dictionary at her. After getting in the boy's face, he gave into her demand of sitting down. After introducing herself and telling them about her Marine and Navy background, she gained the advantage and some of their respect from fear that she could kill them with her bare hands. The book is not suggesting that every teacher that has a difficult group of students should let them think that he or she, meaning the teacher, is going to violent if they do not cooperate in class. However, with this group of kids Ms. Johnson thought that it would be most effective to intimidate her new students. After gaining his or her respect, she started to care about each student. She went above and beyond what is to be expected from the average teacher. She truly cared about each of students and did her best to get to know each of them on a personal basis. She even proves in her book, My Posse Don't Do Homework, that this is an effective way of teaching these students who have been told that they are not important and that they would not achieve to be much. Most of the students in her classes were passing with average and above average grades. The same students were doing below average or failing other classes that were instructed by teachers who did not put much to any effort in showing these students any affection. James A. Banks states in his book An Introduction to Multicultural Education: "I think we have to create a caring community in the classroom. We have to create what psychologists call a superordinate group in the classroom" (93). He goes on later discusses and somewhat defines a super ordinate groups. Banks states, "Allport's theory of group contact suggests ways to create a sense of community. In order to create a sense of community, we first need to create a group within the group not cooperation. Second, we need to create equal-status situations for the groups" (94). It is imperative that we teach our students in a fair and caring way. Teachers have to be sure that he or she is doing everything in their power to help their students achieve their goals. Isn't that the purpose of teaching, to help assist the students and do almost anything within their power to see that their student is learning? One option to helping students better themselves and give more of the much-needed affection is to reduce class size. Johnson states in the introduction to her book, "When classes are small enough to allow individual student-teacher interaction, a minor miracle occurs: Teachers teach and students learn" (2). When teachers gain a positive rapport with their students because of smaller class sizes, fewer students have a chance to fall through the cracks. LouAnne Johnson stated, "The Junior Advanis and Attiba Macks break my heart, but for every student who slips through the cracks, a dozen--or two dozen--step over the cracks and walk out of high school with a diploma in one hand and a dream in another. It's these kids--the ones you don't read about in the newspapers because good news doesn't sell--who keep me coming back every year to

Critical Reflection essayEssay Writing Service

Critical Reflection essayEssay Writing Service Critical Reflection essay Critical Reflection essayBased on the course readings, class discussions, and my own experiences I can discuss my understanding of curriculum. I can define curriculum as a well-developed plan of action, which provides the proper strategies to achieve the established goals. The effectiveness of curriculum depends on individual approaches to teaching and learning, managerial skills and behavioral patterns. Curriculum should be planned based on the established standards. I believe that it is necessary to develop multicultural curriculum that requires the application of the proper skills and abilities to â€Å"teach through culturally knowledge bases† (Sleeter, 2005, p. 44). Besides, curriculum deals with the experiences of learners. The major purposes of curriculum include: developing effective ideas to engage students in meaningful ways; following the established learning standards adopted by professional organizations; providing support to student-centered instruction; providin g flexible delivery of educational programs (Sleeter, 2005; Tomlinson McTighe, 2006).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In addition, my own identity and experience influence my understanding of curriculum. I realize that curriculum design depends on the construction of knowledge and the effectiveness of planning. My own identity and personal experience reflect the concepts I will teach. Planning and implementing curriculum can be affected by the way we identify problems and issues faced by students and teachers. To understand curriculum in a proper way, it is necessary to have evaluation skills that will allow reporting the results, making judgments about the proposed programs and assessing the effectiveness of procedures.Moreover, my understanding of students’ needs influences my thinking. I believe that the attitudes and skills of a teacher play an important role in successful planning and implementation of curriculum. According to Tomlinson McTighe (2006), the essence of a teacher’s job is â€Å"making sure that the curriculum serves as a catalyst for powerful learning for students who, with our guidance and support, become skilled in and committed to the process of learning† (p. 39). I should be aware of students’ problems and needs to develop effective teaching and professional support. Only in this case students will be able to cope with any problems faced in the learning environment. It is necessary to have an understanding of students’ motives in order to provide high quality of instruction.In general, there are three key points of course learning. First, it is necessary to establish clarity regarding the use of curriculum. Special attention should be paid to the knowledge and skills that help students to succeed in learning process. Second, it is very important to accept responsibility for students’ success in learning. I believe that any teacher should have the ability to assess his/her role in ac ademic success of students.   Besides, it is essential to a teacher to assess the relationship between course learning goals and teaching practice goals. Third, a teacher should build awareness of the most suitable teaching strategies that will help to facilitate the process of learning.  Finally, the above mentioned aspects influence the way I am thinking about my curriculum work. I argue that curriculum helps to develop and effectively use the proper methods of teaching to ensure positive academic outcomes of students. A teacher should be ready to provide support to students involved in learning process through well-organized curriculum. In addition, I believe that curriculum helps to address students’ needs and interests and motivate both teachers and students to work hard.

Igor Stravinskys In Memoriam Dylan Thomas as an Avant-garde Music Essay

Igor Stravinskys In Memoriam Dylan Thomas as an Avant-garde Music - Essay Example Though some of Stravinsky’s compositions were critically regarded by the public, their failure to appeal to a large audience qualifies them to be classified as avant-garde. With his 1953-1954 popular composition, In Memoriam Dylan Thomas among other famous compositions, Stravinsky’s musical philosophy was that music was nothing more than notes while music composition is more of an expression of logic than one’s passion. Despite his lack of appeal to the audience, Stravinsky was highly regarded by his fellow musicians as one of the leading musical composers of his time. This paper seeks to demonstrate that Igor Stravinsky’s In Memoriam Dylan Thomas qualifies to be categorized as avant-garde music rather than â€Å"old guard†/traditional music. Characteristic features of avant-garde music Avant-garde music is not easily definable since the rules applied in its composition, arrangement and performance are required to differentiate it from the classical music. It is generally believed that avant-garde music exhibits a deviation from the mainstream music. As indicated by Pinson, avant-garde musicians can be distinguished by their freedom to choose a musical style that is different from the mainstream, as well as their ability and vision to create and organize music outside the limits of the traditional style (146). Avant-garde music is also defined by its originality and innovativeness as opposed to its popularity and appeal to the audience (Pinson 146). Additionally, avant-garde musicians are believed to have a different identity from that of the traditional musicians, which enables them to incorporate the metaphysical into their style of composition to generate an innovative piece (Pinson 146). The musical composition of avant-garde is often linked to the musician’s identity or other non-musical aspects such as the musician’s philosophies, political ideologies and religion. Despite its linkage with other non-music a spects, avant-garde music does not enjoy massive public acceptance since such music may not be accessed by a large audience. Examining Igor Stravinsky’s musical life and his late works Despite his popularity as a musician in the early 20th century, Stravinsky’s late compositions were relatively ambiguous. As opposed to his earlier compositions, Stravinsky’s late works were rarely performed on stage, poorly recorded, regularly criticized and poorly comprehended by the audience. The poor reception of Stravinsky’s late works such as â€Å"In Memoriam Dylan Thomas† is quite ironical to the musician’s growing popularity as a musician. It is apparent that few, if any, contemporary musicians could parallel Igor Stravinsky in terms of stage performances, influence and music recordings as well as popularity mostly in reference to his early Russian cabarets and neoclassical compositions. The poor reception accorded to Stravinsky’s late works is an unusual deviation from the musician’s international popularity. Some aspects about Igor Stravinsky’s musical and life experiences remain mysterious. Over the years, scholars have struggled, albeit with little success, to understand Stravinsky’s works due to its language use, style and transformation from one genre to another. Further ambiguity can be derived from the musician’s personal statements regarding his life, music and the works of his fellow musicians. Though initially believed to be religiously oriented, Stravinsky’

Was the conquest of Spanish America an ambivalent conquest Essay

Was the conquest of Spanish America an ambivalent conquest - Essay Example According to the research findings colonization and conquest are not events but processes that affect the victims and the conquerors . To measure the degree of the change in the victims and the conquerors, it is crucial for one to understand the culture of the conquered society. The Mayan and the Spanish societies underwent a hard period during the colonization process. In this view, the essay develops a clear and concise argument in answering the question â€Å"Was the conquest of Spanish American an ambivalent conquest?† This essay analyzes the main controversy that surrounds the Spanish presence in Yucatan. The main focus of this research paper is to the attention of the initial the eventual success and the initial attempts of the Spaniards when they attempted to solidify themselves with the Yucatan Peninsula . The author points out that the victory of the Maya community was short-lived. The Spanish community also had to live a different life because of the new Spanish masters. The individuals in the community had to utilize the available resources as a result of the lack of labor, the unsuitable grazing land, and the poor agriculture. There was also the collapse of the encomia system. Overall, despite the difficulties related to a lack of historical sources, this essay attempts to sort out truth from fiction in the "confessions" wrung out of the Maya by the Spanish Inquisitors.

Mayo Clinic in Minnesota Essay Example for Free

Mayo Clinic in Minnesota Essay Problem 1 (a) One of the most promising approaches to helping people to quit smoking is the nicotine patch. The patch gradually dispenses nicotine into the blood. In a 1994 experiment at the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota, 240 volunteer smokers participated in a study of the effectiveness of the nicotine patch. All of the volunteers were between the ages of 20 and 30, were in good health, smoked at least 20 cigarettes a day and wanted to quit. They were randomly assigned to receive either 22-mg nicotine patches or placebo patches. All 240 participants also received counseling about quitting smoking. After one year, 33 of the 120 participants with the nicotine patch had quit smoking while 17 of those with the placebo patch had quit. (a) What are the explanatory and response variables in this case? The response variable is whether they quit smoking or not. The explanatory variables are the use (or otherwise) of a nicotine patch, and the counseling they received. 2. (Points: 10) Problem 1 (b) One of the most promising approaches to helping people to quit smoking is the nicotine patch. The patch gradually dispenses nicotine into the blood. In a 1994 experiment at the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota, 240 volunteer smokers participated in a study of the effectiveness of the nicotine patch. All of the volunteers were between the ages of 20 and 30, were in good health, smoked at least 20 cigarettes a day and wanted to quit. They were randomly assigned to receive either 22-mg nicotine patches or placebo patches. All 240 participants also received counseling about quitting smoking. After one year, 33 of the 120 participants with the nicotine patch had quit smoking while 17 of those with the placebo patch had quit. (b) Compute the p-value for a one-sided Z-test of whether the nicotine patch significantly increases the likelihood of quitting smoking. Be sure to state your hypotheses, defining p1 and p2. 33 / 120 = 0. 275 = p1 (Proportion who quit using patch) 17 / 120 = 0. 142 = p2 (Proportion who quit without using patch) Null Hypothesis Ho: Using a nicotine patch and counseling does not increase the probability of quitting smoking, compared to using counseling alone, for 20-30 year-olds who smoke more than 20 cigarettes per day. Ho: p1 – p2 = 0 Alternative Hypothesis Ha: Using a nicotine patch with counseling is more likely to result in quitting smoking than using counseling alone, for 20-30 year-olds ho smoke more than 20 cigarettes per day. Ha: p1-p20 Check if normal dist applies: samples are independent (no reason to think sample is biased) sample size 10% (only 240 from large population) np1=120*0. 275=33, n(1-p1)=87; np2=17, n(1-p2)=103 Z = (p2-p1)/sqrt(p1(1-p1)/n1+p2(1-p2)/n2) = (0. 275-0. 142)/(0. 0517) = 2. 578 So p = 0. 005

Themes Discussed in Joyce Oates Where Are You Going , Where Have You B

Where Are You Going , Where Have You Been by Joyce Oates It is well known that the most awkward and difficult time in one’s life is adolescence. One is faced with the challenges of discovering who one is and what one wants out of life. One finds themselves frustrated and confused in this particular stage. They are mid way between a bridge. They have left childhood but have not yet reached adulthood. They struggle to find some sense of being and individuality in the world. They are on a quest to find themselves, and in search of a path that will lead them to future happiness. â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been,† is a short story written by Joyce Oates .In her short story Oates shows how easily susceptible one is in this stage of life. Oates shows in her story how the quest of finding one’s self, gives one a false sense of knowledge. It is this false sense of knowledge and the search for self and identity that produces the tragic outcome of the character within Oates’ story. The setting of â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where have You Been,† takes place in the late 60’s early 70’s. This is evident by the reference to Bobby King and the XYZ Sunday programming station which was mentioned within the story (p.122). The 1960s and early 1970s marked the era of the women's movement. Economic shifts meant that more women worked outside the home, and Congress passed the Equal Rights Amendment, resulting in many political battles during the long ratification process. In 1973 the Supreme Court ruled in Roe v. Wade that a woman's right to privacy allowed for legal abortion. Woman know began to have voices. The world was drastically changing and it is within this drastically changing world that Oates introduces four main characters... ...ave You Been,† As nothing more then a dream. However others view it as, â€Å"feminist allegory which suggests that young women of today, like the generations that have come before them, are headed into sexual bondage†. (Korb). There is no evidence to suggest that Connie is experiencing a dream. However there is evidence that suggest that Connie had an untimely death. â€Å"watching this body and this head of long hair moving out into the sunlight where Arnold Friend waited.†(p.135) Oates depicts in her story the important of self identity. Arnold Friend is not a symbolic representation of the â€Å"devil† as some critics believe him to be. Arnold Friend character is an representation of the challenges and test one faces in ones every day life. It is conquering these challenges and test , that instills in us knowledge, knowledge which brings us one step closer to finding ourselves.

Devine Love vs Human Love Essay

End of the Affair both distinguish between divine love and human love. A common thread that runs throughout is the inconsistencies that are associated with human love and the unconditional nature of divine love. Both Greene and Lewis use familial, platonic and erotic love to illustrate the distinction between divine love and human love with the result that the reader appreciates that human love is superficial given for the wrong reasons while divine love is authentic love given for all the right reasons. Moreover, both Greene and Lewis use their protagonists to demonstrate that while human love is characterized by negative emotions such as jealousy and selfishness, divine love is kind and unselfish. This paper focuses on the varieties of love featured in both books and demonstrates how modernity tends to prioritize human love over divine love with a view to rationalizing how and why romantic, familial and erotic love, all forms of human love are displaced in both novels. In each of the novels, the inescapable message is that erotic love is fragile and recklessly teeters on the outer fringes of hate. C. S. Lewis’s Till We Have Faces: A Myth Retold As in Greene’s The End of the Affair Lewis’s Till We Have Faces: A Myth Retold Human love is unveiled for all its inherent flaws. Orual, the central figure in Lewis’s Till We Have Faces: A Myth Retold recounts her relationship with her sister Psyche. Through Orual Lewis permits his reader to follow the progression of that relationship laying bare the weaknesses associated with affectionate love that Orual has for her sister Psyche and how that love develops into possessive love. Exemplifying the frailties of human love, particularly familial love, Lewis also demonstrates how human love can be conditional and selfish by exposing the fragile relationship between Orual and her father. Perhaps more importantly, Lewis uses these unique familial relationships to demonstrate how selfish human love can transform into hate. In summary Till We Have Faces is a re-telling of the Greek mythical story of Cupid/Eros and Psyche. In Lewis’s re-telling the story is reconstructed through the eyes of Orual who is represented as unattractive and jealous and uniquely disgruntled by the Gods’ mistreatment of her. Psyche, the beautiful sister is the object to Orual’s affections. In this re-telling Lewis deliberately complicates familial love in that Orual’s love for her sister is obsessive. On the other side of the spectrum, Redival’s love for Orual is spurious and the love for Psyche by King Trom is self-deceptive. Fox’s love for Orual and Psyche is also transient. Lewis also ventures into sexual/erotic love which is multifaceted in Till We Have Faces. Orual’s love for Bardia is unrequited, Ansit’s love for Bardia is frustrating and of course there is the superficial infatuation of men for Orual in her veiled condition. Lewis also takes pains to demonstrate that self-love is destructive in presenting duality in Orual who loves and hates herself all at once. This duality is selfish and damaging at the same time. Above all however, the emphasis is on divine love and implicit in this re-telling is a transition from Greek Philosophical times to modern Christianity. (Hooper, 1996, 250) Father Peter Milward writes of Till We Have Faces: â€Å"The main themes are, (1) Natural affection, if left to mere nature, easily becomes a special kind of hatred, (2) God is, to our natural affections, the ultimate object of jealousy. † (Hooper, 1996, 250) Psyche as reconstructed by Lewis has a natural predisposition for affection for divinity whereas Psyche’s love for divinity coincides with Orual’s love for humankind particularly her love for Psyche. While Psyche’s love for the gods are first and foremost in her heart, Orual’s love for Psyche comes first and each sister regards her love as the natural love. For Orual Psyche represents â€Å"the beginning of my [Orual’s] joys. † (Lewis, 20) On the other hand, Psyche derives her greatest at a time just before she is sacrificed to Cupid as it is a means of bringing her closer tot he gods. (Lewis, 74) Orual’s love for Psyche however is aligned to hatred and becomes a means by which Lewis demonstrates the superficial nature of human love whether familial or romantic in nature. Orual’s so-called love and affection for her sister fluctuates from love to hate in a manner which can only leave the impression that the love is fickly to begin with and not based on sound principles or values. For instance the night before Psyche is sacrificed Orual reveals that her sister has â€Å"made me, in a way, angry. † (Lewis, 71) Moreover the following day, Orual dreams her sister â€Å"was my [Orual’s] greatest enemy. † (Lewis, 71) The remainder of the first part of Till We Have Faces is characterized by this king of fluctuations of Orual’s affections for her sister. The inconsistencies are not lost on Psyche who observes: â€Å"I am not sure whether I like your kind [of love] better than hatred. † (Lewis, 165) Superimposed in this aspect of human love as illustrated through Lewis’s Orual is the damaging elements of human love whether romantic or familial. Orual’s love for her sister is characterized by two fatal flaws. First she loves her sister in such a way that she easily allows it to fall into hatred. Secondly, Orual permits her hatred to rebound to the gods. The love-hate scenario from Orual to Psyche is connected to the gods to the extent that Orual permits her love for Psyche to become possessive. That possessive love turns to a dangerous jealousy which is borne out of the presumption that Psyche loves the gods to the exclusion of Orual who in turn holds the gods accountable for taking Psyche’s love from her. Orual’s jealousy is so strong that she’d rather the gods had killed her sister than made her immortal. She laments: â€Å"We’d rather they were ours and dead than yours and made immortal. † (Lewis, 291) Psyche’s love for the gods is interpreted by Orual as a theft by the gods. To her way of thinking the gods took Psyche’s love from her and she says as much, â€Å"Psyche was mine and no one else had any right to her. †(Lewis, 291-292) Lewis intent with respect to Orual’s reaction to Psyche and her affection for the gods were specifically delineated in a letter he sent to Katerine Farrer. Lewis explains in the letter that Orual’s jealousy and attitude toward her sister’s relationship with the God was intended to convey the typical reaction of family members when a relative gives his life to Christianity. Lewis explained in the letter that the reaction of family members is typified by Orual’s when: â€Å"someone becomes a Christian, or in a family nominally Christian already, does something like become a missionary or enter a religious order. The others suffer a sense of outrage. What they love is being taken away from them. † (Hooper, 249) In other words Orual’s angst with the gods finds its place in the kind of jealousy that one family member experiences when it appears to them that a loved one religion replaces them. In much the same way Orual’s bitterness stems from a jealousy which is founded on love. The self-destructive and selfish nature of human love is also succinctly illustrated through Orual. In Lewis’s characterization of Orual she increasingly subscribes to the notion that if she can’t have her sister then she will not permit anyone else have her. Orual convinces Psyche to look upon her lover, despite his warning to the contrary. In her way of thinking Orual perceives that she is saving Psyche and to prove her intention she cuts her arm. The danger of Orual’s love and the dangerous manner in which her love for her sister influences her thinking and perception are revealed in the following excerpt from Till We Have Faces: â€Å"How could she hate me, when my arm throbbed and burned with the wound I had given it for her love? † (Lewis, 169) Ironically, the gods whose love Orual condemns closely mirrors Orual’s idea of love which is self-serving and consuming. It is not until the novel nears its conclusion that Orual comes to the realization that how love was commandeered by avarice and self-satisfaction. In this way Lewis is able to expose the superficial nature of human love. This is finally accomplished with Orual coming to terms with and accepting that her desire to have Psyche, the Fox and Bardia all to herself was entirely wrong. Lewis uses Ansit to voice the meaning of real or divine love by having him provide a brief commentary on Orual’s love. Ansit, referring to Orual’s pursuit of Bardia notes that: â€Å"He was to live the life he though best and fittest for a great man—not that which would most pleasure me. † (Lewis, 264)

The Renaissance The Rebirth of Europe - 1245 Words

â€Å"The Renaissance represented a rebirth of the Aristotelian spirit. The results of that spirit are written across the next two centuries, which men describe, properly, as the Age of Reason and the Age of Enlightenment. The results include the rise of modern science; the rise of an individualist political philosophy (the work of John Locke and others); the consequent spread of freedom across the civilized world; and the birth of the freest country in history, the United States of America. The Renaissance was a significant period within European history that revolutionized its culture. Numerous factors were composed to initiate the Renaissance, and this point in time was recognized with extreme alterations for Europeans. This Renaissance marked the rebirth of classical Greek learning with architectural, philosophical, literary and artistic movements. Renaissance artists and thinkers were extremely diverse with their ideas, approaches and accomplishments. It marked the beginning of an era- a change in the way people initially thought. A new philosophy consisting of the rise of individualism, humanism and secularism. The potential of an individual began to be recognized and more faith was being instilled within humans in terms of education. It began in Italy roughly around the fourteenth century and gradually spread to the north and west across Europe for the next two centuries. Italy became the most urbanized region after the Black Death. This caused the aristocrats toShow MoreRelatedThe Rebirth Of Ancient Cultures1462 Words   |  6 Pages2015 The Rebirth of Ancient Cultures in Renaissance Florence Florence, Italy is known as the â€Å"cradle of the Renaissance† (la culla del Rinascimento). It is a city full of beautiful architecture, art, and history. The Renaissance was a powerful cultural movement that not only shaped all aspects of Florentine life, but eventually the rest of Europe. 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